Mold is a microscopic fungus that occurs naturally in the environment and helps break down organic matter. Although mold is a normal part of the outdoor environment, excessive indoor mold growth can create unsanitary conditions and damage building materials.<br><br>Mold reproduces by releasing microscopic spores that travel through the air both indoors and outdoors.

Mold can damage drywall, wood, insulation, furnishings, and other household materials when it is allowed to grow unchecked. Over time, untreated mold may lead to significant repairs.<br><br>Mold exposure may also irritate the eyes, nose, skin, or respiratory system, particularly for people with allergies, asthma, or other sensitivities.

Mold needs moisture, temperatures above freezing, and an organic food source. Common food sources include wood, paper, drywall, dust, dirt, and other building materials.<br><br>Mold is more likely to grow in damp areas, spaces with limited airflow, and locations affected by leaks, flooding, condensation, or persistent humidity.

Visible growth, water stains, discoloration, and musty odors may indicate a mold problem. Inspect areas where leaks or moisture intrusion have occurred, including roofs, pipes, ceilings, walls, basements, bathrooms, and HVAC systems.<br><br>Professional testing may help evaluate suspected microbial growth when the source or extent of the problem is unclear.

Control indoor moisture by using air conditioning or dehumidification during humid weather and in damp areas such as basements. Use exhaust fans in bathrooms and kitchens, and make sure clothes dryers vent outside the home.<br><br>Repair roof, plumbing, and wall leaks promptly. Dry wet materials as quickly as possible and address recurring condensation or moisture before mold has an opportunity to grow.

Professional remediation may be appropriate when mold growth is extensive, hidden inside building materials, caused by contaminated water, or likely to spread during removal.<br><br>Trained remediation professionals use containment, filtration, removal, and cleaning procedures designed to reduce the risk of spreading mold spores into unaffected areas.

Terms such as “toxic mold” and “black mold” are often used to describe certain types of mold, but identifying the exact species does not usually change the immediate response. Visible mold and the moisture source supporting its growth should be addressed regardless of the mold type.<br><br><em>Source:</em> <a class="underline-link" href="https://www.cdc.gov/mold-health/about/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">CDC — Mold</a>.